Value-Added Analysis of Mackerel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) Processing into Keumamah: A Household Enterprise Case Study in Lhokseumawe, Aceh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35308/jbt.v12i1.400Abstract
Mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is an economically important fishery commodity but is highly perishable, making processing necessary to extend shelf life and increase product value. In Aceh, mackerel tuna is traditionally processed into keumamah, an Acehnese dried-smoked fish product. This study aims to analyze the value added, value-added ratio, and margin distribution of mackerel tuna processing into keumamah in a household-scale enterprise in Lhokseumawe City, Aceh. This study was designed as a descriptive case study with a quantitative descriptive approach. One household enterprise was purposively selected, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and business documentation during one production cycle. The data were analyzed using the Hayami method. The results show that 50 kg of fresh mackerel tuna produced 17.5 kg of keumamah, with a conversion factor of 0.35. The value added was IDR 11,500 per kg of raw material, with a value-added ratio of 27.38%, categorized as medium. Labor remuneration was IDR 2,000 per kg of raw material, while owner profit was IDR 9,500 per kg. Margin distribution consisted of owner profit at 55.88%, other input contribution at 32.35%, and labor income at 11.76%. These findings indicate that the case enterprise generated economic value through keumamah processing, although value-added improvement requires better input efficiency, processing techniques, packaging, legality, and market access. Because this study examined one enterprise and one production cycle, the findings are not intended for generalization.
References
Aji, V. P., Yudhistira, R., & Sutopo, W. (2018). Analisis nilai tambah pengolahan ikan lemuru menggunakan metode Hayami. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri, 17(1), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.23917/jiti.v17i1.5611
Arifai, M., Syafrijal, S. H., & Mustaqim, T. (2016). Analisis usaha ikan olahan pada kelompok perajin di kawasan Pusong Kota Lhokseumawe. Ekonis: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.30811/.v15i1.250
Azmita, N., Mutiara, V. I., & Hidayat, R. (2019). Analisis nilai tambah dan profitabilitas usaha tahu alami di Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang. JOSETA: Journal of Socio-Economics on Tropical Agriculture, 1(3), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.25077/joseta.v1i3.179
Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Lhokseumawe. (2024). Kota Lhokseumawe dalam angka 2024. BPS Kota Lhokseumawe.
Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Aceh. (2023). Laporan tahunan statistik perikanan tangkap Aceh. Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Aceh.
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2011). Post-harvest fish loss assessment in small-scale fisheries: A guide for the extension officer. FAO.
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2020). Securing sustainable small-scale fisheries: Showcasing applied practices in value chains, post-harvest operations and trade. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 652. Rome: FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8402en
Hayami, Y., Kawagoe, T., Morooka, Y., & Masdjidin, S. (1987). Agricultural Marketing and Processing in Upland Java: A Perspective from a Sunda Village. Bogor: CGPRT Centre.
Hayati, N., & Nugroho, T. R. D. A. (2018). Pengembangan agroindustri wilayah pesisir berbasis komoditas unggulan ikan hasil tangkapan. Agriekonomika, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v7i1.3590
Irianto, H. E. (2013). Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2022). Rencana strategis Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan 2020–2024. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2024). KKP tawarkan peluang hilirisasi perikanan di IABF 2024. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2025). KKP gencar kenalkan HPI sokong hilirisasi dan asupan protein ikan masyarakat. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia.
Mulyadi, S. (2005). Ekonomi Kelautan. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Nabilasari, M., Sumantri, B., & Sriyoto, S. (2022). Value-added analysis of the dried fish manufacturing industry in Bengkulu City. Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.32502/jgsa.v3i1.5289
Nazir, M. (2014). Metode Penelitian. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia.
Pasaribu, I. F., Hapsari, T. D., & Wibowo, B. A. (2022). Analisis pemasaran ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Kranji, Kabupaten Lamongan. Buletin Ilmiah Marina Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.15578/marina.v8i2.11043
Rizky, F. A., Fauziyah, E., & Ariyani, A. H. M. (2024). Nilai tambah produk olahan berbahan baku ikan tongkol di UMKM Cahaya Bunda Pamekasan. AGRISCIENCE, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.21107/agriscience.v5i1.21252
Sajogyo, P. (2012). Sosiologi Pedesaan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Soekartawi. (2001). Pengantar Agroindustri. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Suryana, A. (2014). Menuju ketahanan pangan Indonesia berkelanjutan 2025: Tantangan dan penanganannya. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 32(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v32n2.2014.123-135
Tambunan, T. (2012). Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah di Indonesia. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Wachdijono, W., Faqih, A., & Hani, U. (2021). Produktifitas nilai tambah dan titik impas pada usaha pengolahan ikan asin. Teknotan: Jurnal Industri Teknologi Pertanian, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.24198/jt.vol15n2.6
