Optimization of the Integrated Nutrition Program to Reduce the Prevalence of Wasting in Toddlers in Indonesia (Literatur Review)
Keywords:
Toddlers, Wasting, Intervention, Nutrition Management, Local FoodAbstract
Wasting in toddlers remains a serious public health problem in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 7.4% in 2024, which is still above the threshold of public health significance according to the WHO. This condition has an impact on morbidity, mortality, growth, and long-term productivity. This study aims to analyze the optimalization strategy of integrated nutrition programs in reducing the prevalence of wasting through a synthesis of international literature (2018–2025) and local studies in Indonesia. The method used is a systematic literature review of scientific articles, government reports, and policy documents that meet the inclusion criteria, which are then analyzed narratively. The results show that the determinants of wasting include low energy and fat intake, unbalanced consumption patterns, socioeconomic conditions, maternal nutrition knowledge, and access to health and sanitation services. Specific nutrition interventions such as lipid-based nutrient supplements and fortified blended foods have been proven effective in reducing wasting, while nutrition-sensitive interventions that include sanitation improvements, family empowerment, and local food security strengthen the impact. The implementation of the Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition approach in Indonesia is considered strategic but still faces limitations in service distribution, human resources, and funding. This study emphasizes that optimizing evidence-based, multisectoral, and locally adaptive integrated nutrition programs is key to reducing the prevalence of wasting and supporting the achievement of the SDGs.
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