Hypertension in Adults: The Role of Gender, Age, and Obesity
Keywords:
Hypertension, Gender, Age, Obesity, AdultsAbstract
Hypertension remains a major global health concern, particularly among adults. Several demographic and lifestyle factors such as gender, age, and obesity are strongly associated with increased risk of hypertension. Objective: To investigate the association between gender, older age (>50–60 years), and obesity with hypertension prevalence in adult populations, based on recent international studies.Methods: This study employed a narrative review of six peer-reviewed studies published within the last five years. To complement the literature synthesis, a simulated dataset of 1,000 hypothetical adults was constructed for illustrative purposes only, to visualize the epidemiological patterns described in the literature.Results: Recent evidence demonstrates that men generally show higher prevalence of hypertension compared to women, although the difference varies by region. Age is one of the strongest predictors, with adults aged ≥50–60 years having a markedly higher risk of hypertension compared to younger adults. Obesity, especially central or abdominal obesity, consistently shows a strong association with hypertension across diverse populations, with odds ratios often exceeding 2.0.Conclusion: Gender, age, and obesity are significant risk factors for hypertension in adults. Integrated prevention and management strategies should target these high-risk groups to reduce the global burden of hypertension
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